AP Exam Sample Multiple Choice Questions

1. Of the following, the carbohydrate that is NOT present in animal cells and tissues, except for rare exceptions, is
(A) glucose
(B) glycogen
(C) fructose
(D) cellulose
(E) lactose

2. The combination of a base and a sugar is known as a
(A) molecular unit
(B)nucleoside
(C)nucleotide
(D)protein base
(E)base pair

3.Two examples of a monosaccharide are
(A) sucrose and maltose
(B) ribose and glucose
(C) starchand glycogen
(D) galactose and lactose
(E) lactose and maltose

4. The framework of all organic compounds is composed of straight chains, branched chains and rings of
(A) nitrogen
(B) hydrogen
(C) carbon
(D) oxygen
(E) phosphorus

5. Protein molecules that speed up chemical reactions have names that usually end in
(A)-sis
(B)- a
(C) -ion
(D) -ase
(E) - phyte

6. The secondary structure of a protein is the
(A) amino- acid sequence
(B) orientation of the amino-acid sequence
(C) three- dimensional structure of the oriented amino-acid sequence
(D) the structure that confers enzyme properties on the molecule
(E) double chain of nucleotides

7. The building blocks of triclycerides (neutral fat) are
(A) glucose and fructose
(B) polypeptides and polynucleotides
(C) starch and glycogen
(D) glycerol and fatty acids
(E) glucose and fructose

8. A compound in cells that functions as an enzyme, a transport molecule, and a receptor site is
(A) a lipid
(B) water
(C) a carbohydrate
(D) a starch
(E) a protein

9. Which substance is not a polymer of glucose
(A) Chitin
(B) Cellulose
(C) Glycogen
(D) Cholesterol
(E) Starch

10.Which of the following macromolecules is primarily responsible for the insolubility of cell membranes in water?
(A) Phospholipid
(B) Starch
(C) Cellulose
(D) Glycogen
(E)  Protein

11. Glucose is usually stored in animal cells in the form of
(A) Glycogen
(B) Cellulose
(C) Cholesterol
(D) Monosaccarides 
(E) Disaccharides

12. A major difference in the structure of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates is that only proteins always contain
(A) carbon
(B)
hydrogen
(C) oxygen
(D) sodium
(E) nitrogen

Questions 13-15
(A) Glycocalyx
(B) Cholesterol
(C) Triglyceride
(D) Phospholipid
(E) Protein

13. The major component of the fluid bilayer of a plasma membrane
14. Steroid affecting the fluidity of the plasma membrane
15. Carrier molecules in the plasma membrane

Past AP Essays

Organic Chemistry

AP Question 1

1. Structure related to function is one of the unifying themes in biology.
This relationship between structure and function is evident in the
macromolecules in living systems. For the following list, describe the
structure of the molecule and explain how that structure aids in the function.
  a. Starch and glycogen as energy storage molecules
   b. Cellulose and chitin as structural molecules
   c. Enzymes
   d. Phospholipids and their role in cell membranes
   e. DNA and its role in determining characteristics in organisms


 

2. Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are all macromolecules. Use the
following terms to explain the synthesis and breakdown of these
macromolecules.
   a. Dehydration Synthesis     c. Monomer
   b. Hydrolysis                d. Polymer
In your discussion include what each of the terms means.


AP Question 2
Proteins functioning as enzymes exhibit precise specifications.
Discuss the levels of structural organization within proteins which are
responsible for specific molecular interaction.

AP
Question 3
Suppose that you have isolated an extract from a tissue and you have found that the extract speeds up the rate of a particular reaction.

What kind of information would you need to demonstrate that the substance responsible for increasing the rate of this reaction is an enzyme? Explain how this information would indicate that the catalytic effect is due to an enzyme.

AP Question 4
1980:Discuss the lock-and-key theory of enzyme-substrate interaction
giving a specific example to illustrate the theory. Include in your
discussion the effects of each of the following:
a. Substrate concentration
b. pH shifts
c. Temperature shifts
d. Competititve inhibition

AP Question 5
1981:
Discuss the biological importance of each of the following organic
compounds in relation to cellular structure and function in plants and
animals.
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Lipids
d. Nucleic acids 

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